If you’re like me, you’ve probably walked past the Federal Center and Plaza in downtown Chicago dozens of times and never thought about it’s history. The Federal Center and Plaza in Chicago is comprised of the John C. Kluczinski Federal Building, the Everett McKinley Dirksen Federal Courts Building, the Ralph H. Metcalfe Federal Building and the U.S. Post Office (Loop Center). Bounded by Dearborn on the East, Clark on the West, Jackson on the South and Adams on the North. The Kluczinski, Dirksen and U.S. Post Office (Loop Station) were all designed by architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in the Mid-Century Modernist style.
The John C. Kluczinski Federal Building is located at 230 S. Dearborn St. It was completed in 1974 and is a 42 story tall skyscraper with 1.2 million square feet of space. It was named after U.S. Congressman John C. Kluczynski who represented Illinois’ 5th congressional district from 1951 until 1975. It was designed in the minimalist style.
The Dirksen Federal Courts Building is located across the street at 219 S. Dearborn St. It was completed in 1964 and is 30 stories tall with 1.4 million square feet of space. It was named after U.S. Congressman and Senator Everett Dirksen. It was designed in the international style.
The U.S. Post Office (Loop Station) is located at 211 S. Clark St. It was completed in 1975 in the minimalist style.
The Metcalfe Building is located at 77 West Jackson Blvd. It was built in 1991 and designed by Fujikawa Johnson and Associates in the Mies van der Rohe style. It is 27 stories tall and it was named after former Olympian and U.S. Representative Ralph Harold Metcalf.
The Federal Plaza features a red steal sculpture by Alexander Calder entitled Flamingo. It was unveiled on the plaza in 1974.The plaza hosts events such as farmers markets, arts, crafts and jewelry booths, as well as demonstrations (with required approval).
The entire complex is on a grid pattern and seams of the granite pavers extend into the lobbies and up to the sides of the Kluczynski, Dirksen and Post Office buildings to create unity among the three buildings.
There was a Federal Building in Chicago prior to the current buildings described above. The old Chicago Federal Building was built in 1905 and demolished in 1965. It was built by architect Henry Ives Cobb in the Beaux-Arts style. It was 297 ft. tall.
Quite a different look – then and now! Both beautiful in their own way for their own time!
Thanks for sharing. I remember when the IRS employees could walk underground to the Dirksen building to go to Court. I never tried to go to Metcalfe building. That all stopped after 9/11.
Thanks, Suzette. I never knew there was an underground passage to the Dirksen Building. That’s interesting. I wish there would have been one for the Metcalf Building. I could have used it to go to that fitness center in bad weather!